Multistep and Elastically Stable Mechanical Metamaterials
Résumé
Materials and structures with tunable mechanical properties are
essential for numerous applications. However, constructing such
structures poses a great challenge since it is normally very
complicated to change the properties of a material after its
fabrication, particularly in pure force fields. Herein, we propose
a multistep and elastically stable 3D mechanical metamaterial
having simultaneously tunable effective Young's modulus and
auxeticity controlled by the applied compressive strain.
Metamaterial samples are fabricated by 3D printing at the
centimetric scale, with selective laser sintering, and at the
micrometric scale, with two-photon lithography. Experimental
results indicate an elementary auxeticity for small compressive
strains but superior auxeticity for large strains. Significantly,
the effective Young's modulus follows a parallel trend, becoming
larger with increasing compressive strain. A theoretical model
explains the variations of the elastic constants of the proposed
metamaterials as a function of geometry parameters and provides a
basic explanation for the appearance of the multistep behavior.
Furthermore, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed
metamaterial has the potential for designing metamaterials
exhibiting tunable phononic band gaps. The design of reusable
elastically stable multistep metamaterials, with tunable mechanical
performances supporting large compression, is made possible thanks
to their delocalized deformation mode.
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