Unlocking Metal-Ligand Cooperative Catalytic Photochemical Benzene Carbonylation: A Mechanistic Approach - UFR de Chimie de Sorbonne-Université
Article Dans Une Revue Chemical Science Année : 2024

Unlocking Metal-Ligand Cooperative Catalytic Photochemical Benzene Carbonylation: A Mechanistic Approach

Résumé

A key challenge in green synthesis is the catalytic transformation of renewable substrates at high atom and energy efficiency, with minimal energy input (∆G≈0). Non-thermal pathways, i.e., electrochemical and photochemical, can be used to leverage renewable energy resources to drive chemical processes at well-defined energy input and efficiency. Within this context, photochemical benzene carbonylation to produce benzaldehyde is a particularly interesting, albeit challenging, process that combines unfavorable thermodynamics (∆G° = 1.7 kcal/mol) and the breaking of strong C-H bonds (113.5 kcal/mol) with full atom efficiency and the use of renewable starting materials. Herein, we present a mechanistic study of photochemical benzene carbonylation catalyzed by a rhodium-based pincer complex that is capable of metal-ligand cooperation. The catalytic cycle, comprising both thermal and non-thermal steps, was probed by NMR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy and spectrophotochemistry, and density functional theory calculations. This investigation provided us with a detailed understanding of the reaction mechanism, allowing us to unlock the catalytic reactivity of the Rh-pincer complex, which represents the first example of a metal-ligand cooperative system for benzene carbonylation, exhibiting excellent selectivity.
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hal-04722143 , version 1 (04-10-2024)

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Francesco Crisanti, Michael Montag, David Milstein, Julien Bonin, Niklas von Wolff. Unlocking Metal-Ligand Cooperative Catalytic Photochemical Benzene Carbonylation: A Mechanistic Approach. Chemical Science, In press, ⟨10.1039/D4SC05683C⟩. ⟨hal-04722143⟩
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